In recent years, religious discrimination has been proven as an issue of significance,particularly in education and employment. According to United States law, it is illegal for an individual or group to direct religious discrimination at another individual. Employers, for example, may attempt to treat employees unfairly by not hiring an employee based on their religion, and the discrimination can, at times, even extend to harassment during the course of employment. Title VII of of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 makes these types of actions illegal, prohibiting religious discrimination in decisions related to hiring, firing, or any other aspects of employment, except in circumstances that could cause hardship.

In regards to education, federal legislation states that students are able to uphold their religious beliefs while receiving education, and should be able to do so free of discrimination or harassment. This generally allows students to take days off for religious observances, wear religious garments, and be given excuse for appropriate prayer times. Additionally, a recent supreme court case found that despite separation of church and sate laws, students can be involved in extracurricular religious activities, such as a bible club.